What is the measure of how much a signal is reduced as it transmits over the cable called?

The measure of how much a signal is reduced as it transmits over the cable is referred to as insertion loss. This term specifically quantifies the amount of signal power lost as it passes through a component or length of cable. Insertion loss is typically measured in decibels (dB) and is a critical parameter in assessing the performance of data transmission systems, as it directly impacts the effectiveness and integrity of the communication.

Understanding insertion loss is essential for installers and network designers, as it helps in evaluating and selecting cables and components that will ensure optimal signal quality over expected distances and load conditions. It also plays a significant role in troubleshooting and maintaining networks where signal integrity is paramount.

While other terms, like signal degradation and return loss, might relate to signal performance, they cover different aspects of signal quality. Propagation delay pertains to the time it takes for a signal to travel from one point to another, which does not directly relate to the reduction in signal strength. Therefore, insertion loss is the most accurate term for measuring the reduction of signal strength during transmission.